9.2.1 Identifying the threats

The current and potential threats to the Region’s ecosystem and heritage values considered in this risk assessment are informed by the evidence presented in Chapters 2 to 8. The 45 threats considered in this risk assessment are listed in Appendix 6, including a comparison with those assessed in the Outlook Report 2019. 

The list includes direct and indirect threats and some that are consequential, that is, they arise due to other threats. For example, environmental pressures, such as sea-temperature increase and nutrient runoff, may lead to an increased chance of coral disease.

This assessment considers only threats that are known and identified. Any currently unknown or unexpected threats that are identified in future will be assessed in future reports. 

Two large cargo ships at anchor in the ocean, with mountains on the distant horizon.
Ships at anchor in the Region. © Matt Curnock 2022